Sep. 23. 1870: Proclamation of the Republic of Puerto Rico in revolt against Spanish rule: "Gritto de Lares." Lares, Puerto Rico.

Sep. 24. 1924: Mohandas Gandhi begins 21-day fast for Hindu-Moslem unity, India. 1957: Pres. Eisenhower dispatches Army troops and federalizes the Arkansas National Guard to enforce court-ordered desegregation in Central High School, Little Rock, Ark. 1960: Navy launches the first nuclear-powered aircraft carrier, the U.S.S. Enterprise. 1968: Mexican soldiers battle students at the National University in Mexico City, killing 17 and arresting at least 1,000. 1969: Beginning of the trial of the Chicago Eight, a broad conspiracy trial that sought (unsuccessfully) to imprison eight of the country's leading anti-war protest organizers. 1995: As part of International Buy Nothing Day, activists dressed as rats urge shoppers at a Dutch shopping mall to "leave the rat race."

Sep. 25. 1846: Gen. Kearney and troops depart New Mexico for the conquest of California. 1937: City of Los Angeles, California bans sale of war toys.

Sep. 26. 1937: Bessie Smith dies of injuries from an auto accident outside of a Jim Crow hospital in Mississippi. 1990: Mohawk warriors at Kahnawake and Kanesatake (Oka), Quebec, surrender after an 11-week standoff with Canadian police and soldiers over occupation of sacred land slated to be used for a new municipal golf course.

Sep. 27. 1944: The first large-scale plutonium producing reactor begins operation on land seized from the Yakama Indian Nation, Hanford, Washington. 1972: First section of Trans-Amazon Hwy., running through native homelands in Brazil, is opened for traffic. Loggers, miners, tourists, disease, death, and other consequences of automobiles follow. 1983: Five members of Puget Sound Women's Peace Camp enter Boeing's Cruise missile production plant in Seattle, leaflet workers, and are arrested. 1990: Last U.S. Pershing II missiles removed from Germany, less than ten years after their installation provoked a massive anti-nuclear movement across Europe.

Sep. 28. 551 BC: Confucius born, China. 1917: 165 Wobblies indicted for protesting World War I. The first move in an illegal but successful U.S. government campaign to cripple the radical union movement. 1938: Victor Jara, singer of freedom, born, Chile. 1943: Danish underground anti-Nazi activists begin systematic smuggling of Jews to Sweden. 1966: Dozens of anti-war demonstrators disrupt address of Vice Pres. Humphrey at Olympic Hotel in Seattle. 1994: Indigenous people from around the globe meet in Bolivia to discuss biopiracy.

Sep. 29. 1969: 2,000 welfare protesters take over the state capitol building in Madison, Wisconsin. 1983: Stop the City protests against military-financial complex, London, Britain. 1983: International arms trade convention prematurely closed by nonviolent activists. Brussels, Belgium. 1994: Protesters crash the Washington, D.C. 50th birthday party of the World Bank and International Monetary Fund.